sits in our periodic table, right over here, we see it is a halide. While both the nitrate ion and the sulfate ion share an "-ate" suffix, the former contains three oxygens, but the latter contains four. A polyatomic ion is a particle made of more than It should always be included in the name. Covalent compounds usually form from two or more nonmetals. Draw the Lewis dot structure of FX2\ce{F2}FX2. This rule is ultimately based on the fact that matter is, overall, electrically neutral. For example, when each sodium atom in a sample of sodium metal (group 1) gives up one electron to form a sodium cation, Na+, and each chlorine atom in a sample of chlorine gas (group 17) accepts one electron to form a chloride anion, Cl, the resulting compound, NaCl, is composed of sodium ions and chloride ions in the ratio of one Na+ ion for each Cl ion. sodium hydrogen carbonate This results in a cation with 20 protons, 18 electrons, and a 2+ charge. For example, the neutral bromine atom, with 35 protons and 35 electrons, can gain one electron to provide it with 36 electrons. the magnesium ion and the carbonate ion the aluminum ion and the acetate ion Share. However, the formulas for some ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions are not empirical formulas. Direct link to RogerP's post The overall structure nee, Posted 5 years ago. Fe+3. WebBaF2. Many ionic compounds contain polyatomic ions (Table \(\PageIndex{1}\)) as the cation, the anion, or both. The subscripts in the formula must produce an electrically neutral formula unit. How to Determine Ion Charge To balance the positive and negative charges, we look to the least common multiple6: two iron 3+ ions will give 6+, while three 2 oxygen ions will give 6, thereby balancing the overall positive and negative charges. What is the chemical formula for rubidium oxide? A 0.9% solution of sodium chloride approximates the salt concentration found in blood. Let us discuss more about aluminium sulphate. Sometimes more than one ion is needed to balance the charge on the other ion in an ionic compound. We see that it likes to gain an electron and so it makes sense that WebThe name of this ionic compound is aluminum fluoride. Direct link to Matthew Nodar's post How do we know that Bromi, Posted 5 years ago. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the ions of opposite charge present in the compound. 13. Ionic compounds exist as alternating positive and negative ions in regular, three-dimensional arrays called crystals (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). For example, the formula for calcium phosphate, one of the minerals in our bones, is Ca3(PO4)2. Now the positive and negative charges are balanced. Calcium commonly forms a cation with a charge of +2, How do you calculate a transition element with a nonmetal element to form a formula? Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Chemical analysis of the two compounds reveals that 0.25 m o l X C l 2 has a mass of 100.0 g and 0.50 m o l Y C l 2 has a mass of 125.0 g . Spell out the full name of the compound. So how is that going to happen? Write a formula for each of the following molecular compounds. data-quail-id="56" data-mt-width="1071">. Magnesium and nitrogen react to form an ionic compound. Atoms of group VIIA gain one electron and form anions with a 1 charge; atoms of group VIA gain two electrons and form ions with a 2 charge, and so on. Webthis is two positive charges and two negative charges the charges are balanced so the formula is MgO Example 3 Aluminium oxide contains Al3+ and O2- ions: this is three A magnesium atom must lose two electrons to have the same number electrons as an atom of the previous noble gas, neon. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. chemical formula: Determine the chemical formula for the ionic compound that forms between sodium and sulfur. Alternatively, use the crossing charges method shown in Figure 3.3.2. (In fact, it is ionic.) the symbols (for elements , formula, in equations ) * state symbols * working out formulae * Spelling note: sulphur = sulfur, sulphuric acid = sulfuric acid, sulphate = sulfate, sulphite = sulfite, aluminium = aluminum (US) TOP OF PAGE - INDEX Section 1.2 Particle Picture examples of Elements, Compounds and Mixtures - useful visual images Science has long recognized that blood and seawater have similar compositions. AlCl3. When electrons are shared and molecules form, covalent bonds result. Write a formula for the compound that forms from potassium and chromate. Give Cr2O3 ionic compound an appropriate name. The name is aluminum oxide because it is made from aluminum ions and oxide ions. Ionic and molecular compounds are named using somewhat-different methods. Three iron atoms for every four oxygen atoms. Part A What is the formula for this compound? WebAl3+ is interpreted as being a single aluminum atom with a charge of 3+, making this the aluminum cation. Spell out the full name of the compound. When crossing charges, it is sometimes necessary to reduce the subscripts to their simplest ratio to write the empirical formula. For example, the ionic compound sodium oxalate is comprised of Na+ and \(\ce{C2O4^2-}\) ions combined in a 2:1 ratio, and its formula is written as Na2C2O4. If the compound is ionic, does the metal form ions of only one type (fixed charge) or more than one type (variable charge)? It has the same number of electrons as atoms of the preceding noble gas, argon, and is symbolized Ca2+. This chemical formula says that there are one magnesium ion and two chloride ions in this formula. WebA binary ionic compound is composed of ions of two different elements - one of which is a metal, and the other a nonmetal. Spell out the full name of the compound. Well, have you 2+ here, This polyatomic ion contains one nitrogen and four hydrogens that collectively bear a +1 charge. Write a formula for each of the following ionic compounds. The oxygen atom has a 2 charge as an ion. During the formation of some compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons, and form electrically charged particles called ions (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). Baking powder contains calcium dihydrogen phosphate, an ionic compound composed of the ions Ca2+ and \(\ce{H2PO4-}\). It is considered an indirect From the answers we derive, we place the compound in an appropriate category and then name it accordingly. Na+. The compound is electrically neutral, and its formula shows a total count of three Ca, two P, and eight O atoms. Spell out the full name of the compound. Iron typically exhibits a charge of either 2+ or 3+ (see [link]), and the two corresponding compound formulas are FeCl2 and FeCl3. What is the formula for Al and O? Binary acids are named using the prefix hydro-, changing the ide suffix to ic, and adding acid; HCl is hydrochloric acid. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Therefore, the proper formula for this ionic compound is \(\ce{MgO}\). Parentheses are generally only used for complex ions. By convention, assume that there is only one atom if a subscript is not present. Second, charges are not written in a formula. LiS 7. Express your answer as a chemical formula. Calcium hydroxide contains Ca 2+ and OH ions: This is two positive charges and one negative charge. Example \(\PageIndex{1}\): Composition of Ions. How do we know that Bromine will gain an electron just based on where it is on the periodic table? The simplest of these are binary compounds, those containing only two elements, but we will also consider how to name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, and one specific, very important class of compounds known as acids (subsequent chapters in this text will focus on these compounds in great detail). However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Part A What is the formula for this compound? Super resource. What are the basic units-single atoms, molecules, or formula units-that compose each of the following substances? We will need two potassium ions to balance the charge on the sulfate ion, so the proper chemical formula is \(\ce{K_2SO_4}\). We use parentheses in a formula to indicate a group of atoms that behave as a unit. When an element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) reacts with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal), a transfer of electrons usually occurs, producing ions. This will give the ionic compound an overall charge which both the iron cation and paired anion have to have their charges sum up to. -more than one type of ion Each of the following pairs of elements will react to form a binary ionic compound. Write the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of ions. Compounds that do not contain ions, but instead consist of atoms bonded tightly together in molecules (uncharged groups of atoms that behave as a single unit), are called covalent compounds. As with simple ionic compounds, these compounds must also be electrically neutral, so their formulas can be predicted by treating the polyatomic ions as discrete units. in its outermost shell. aluminum and sulfur Aluminum oxide is a white odorless crystalline powder. What is aluminum sulfur and oxygen as a compound? 4.2 Ionic and Covalent Compounds is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. If it is ionic, determine whether the metal forms only one type of ion or more than one type of ion. WebA certain ionic compound is made entirely of aluminum and oxygen. Express your answer as a chemical formula. First of all, we have to consider that aluminium is a metal and Oxygen is a non-metal making how do make formulas with elements with multiple oxidation states like FE. One aluminum atom for every three chlorine atoms. Write the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of ions. Why are plants able to continue to grow taller as long as they live? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. % mass O = 47.1% The mass percentage of each element in the compound Al2O3 is 52.9% Al and 47.1% O. Direct link to Ahmed Mohamed Salah Elkhodary's post At 2:32, the ionic compou, Posted 5 years ago. Express your answer as a chemical formula. magnesium and chlorine WebAluminum;oxygen(2-) | AlO2- | CID 10290730 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, Copy and Edit. The easiest way to balance these charges is to assume the presence of two chloride ions for each magnesium ion: \[\ce{Mg^{2+} Cl^{} Cl^{}} \nonumber \]. Write a formula for the ionic compound that forms from each pair of elements. What is the equilibrium concentration of H2(g)\mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g})H2(g) in the system? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. O^ {2-} O2. 4. WebAluminum;oxygen (2-) | AlO3-3 - PubChem Apologies, we are having some trouble retrieving data from our servers PUGVIEW FETCH ERROR: 403 Forbidden National Center for Biotechnology Information 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894 USA Contact Policies FOIA HHS Vulnerability Disclosure National Library of Medicine National Web3-Aminophthalhydrazide is used in the detection of copper, iron, peroxides and cyanides. boron tribromide This trend can be used as a guide in many cases, but its predictive value decreases when moving toward the center of the periodic table. Every day you encounter and use a large number of ionic compounds. Science. Express your answer as a chemical formula. Write the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of ions. Ionic compounds generally form from metals and nonmetals. How to approach the problem Since this compound is neutral, the total charge of the compound must equal zero. In MgO the magnesium is +2 and the oxygen (O) is 2 and so again the charges cancel each other out. Polyatomic ions have defined formulas, names, and charges that cannot be modified in any way. Webaluminum oxide decomposition balanced equation aluminum oxide decomposition balanced equation Zeolites mainly consist of the elements such as silicon, aluminum, and oxygen. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Compounds are classified as ionic or molecular (covalent) on the basis of the bonds present in them. There is some charge in the aluminium and oxygen ions. If so, does it also contain oxygen? and the name of the compound formed isaluminum oxide. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In this study, N. cadamba was treated with high concentrations of aluminum under acidic condition (pH 4.5) to to cancel each other out. Note that there is a system for naming some polyatomic ions; -ate and -ite are suffixes designating polyatomic ions containing more or fewer oxygen atoms. Direct link to Ryan W's post -ide is just the negative, Posted 5 years ago. The formula is A1,0,. While the compound you have suggested is electrically neutral, it is not the simplest way aluminum and oxygen can combine. In each of these compounds, the metal forms only one type of ion. Name each ionic compound. Sodium is a metal, and oxygen is a nonmetal; therefore, \(\ce{Na2O}\) is expected to be ionic. strontium and oxygen The Lewis structures, names and formulas of some polyatomic ions are found in Table 3.3.1. 7. Because the number of protons remains unchanged when an atom forms an ion, the atomic number of the element must be 13. Aluminium Sulphate Al2(SO4)3 Aluminium sulphate is an ionic compound. Because an ionic compound is not made up of single, discrete molecules, it cannot be properly symbolized using a molecular formula. Therefore, to get a neutral compound requires two Br and one Ca - ie, CaBr2. And so when calcium At this point in your study of chemistry, you should memorize the names, formulas, and charges of the most common polyatomic ions. Unfortunately, the number of oxygen atoms corresponding to a given suffix or prefix is not consistent; for example, nitrate is \(\ce{NO3-}\) while sulfate is \(\ce{SO4^{2-}}\). It exhibits chemiluminescence and utilized to measure opsonic and phagocytic function. The name of a binary compound containing monatomic ions consists of the name of the cation (the name of the metal) followed by the name of the anion (the name of the nonmetallic element with its ending replaced by the suffix ide). With Super, get unlimited access to this resource and over 100,000 other Super resources. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. they would like to lose them. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in front of oxygen (32.1% and 30.1%, respectively), forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. Rather, it exists as two individual chloride ions.) ionizes, it's going to be 2+, it's a Group Two element right over here. Predict the formula of the ionic compound formed between the lithium ion and the peroxide ion, \(\ce{O2^2-}\) (Hint: Use the periodic table to predict the sign and the charge on the lithium ion.). Spell out the full name of the compound. Write a formula for the compound that forms from potassium and cyanide. Per- (short for hyper) and hypo- (meaning under) are prefixes meaning more oxygen atoms than -ate and fewer oxygen atoms than -ite, respectively. Name each ionic compound. Here is a comparison of the amounts of ions in blood and seawater: Most ions are more abundant in seawater than they are in blood, with some important exceptions. The name of a metal ion is the same as the name of the metal atom from which it forms, so Ca2+ is called a calcium ion. What is the formula of this compound? The formula reflects the smallest whole-number ratio of ions. Determine the charge on the oxygen ion. 3. the equilibrium constant, KKK, has the value 5.211035.21 \times 10^{-3}5.21103 at a particular temperature. To name an inorganic compound, we need to consider the answers to several questions. WebAs a further example, the formula for aluminum oxide requires the combination of aluminum ions with oxygen ions (with a charge of 2-) in such a manner that the net charge is 0. The formula of an ionic compound must have a ratio of ions such that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal. Express your answer as a chemical formula. Metals form positive ions (cations). For example, K2O is called potassium oxide. The \(\ce{PO4^{3-}}\) groups are discrete units, each consisting of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms, and having an overall charge of 3. Each ion is surrounded by ions of opposite charge. Some of these compounds, where they are found, and what they are used for are listed in Table. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Thus Ca has a charge of +2 and Br has a charge of -1. This combination is written as \(\ce{AlF3}\). Aluminium reacts with oxygen to form a protective layer of aluminium (III) oxide that prevents further reaction with oxygen. This is the reason why aluminium is called as a corrosion-resistant metal. Aluminium burns in oxygen with a brilliant white flame. The product in this reaction is also aluminium (III) oxide. Note that the -ite polyatomic ion has one less oxygen atom in its formula than the -ate ion but with the same ionic charge. potassium hydroxide Two sodium 1+ ions are needed to balance the 2 charge on the sulfur ion. Direct link to Andrew M's post It wants to fill its oute, Posted 5 years ago. chemical formula: Determine the chemical formula for the ionic compound that forms between rubidium and sulfur. Examples are shown in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\). View Available Hint(s) Hint 1. Classify each element as atomic or molecular. What is the chemical formula of aluminum peroxide? Explanation: As per the equation , 2 moles of Aluminum Oxide ( Al2O3 ) produces 4 moles of Aluminum ( Al ) and 3 moles of Oxygen ( O2 ). 5. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. The formula for lithium bromide is \(\ce{LiBr}\). like to gain an electron to have eight electrons It is not an ionic compound; it belongs to the category of covalent compounds discuss elsewhere. From the given elements, two pairs will result in the formation of ionic compounds. sodium and sulfur If the anion had been, for example HSO4-, then we would have included parentheses to make it clear that here are two of these complex anions: Ca(HSO4)2. The similarity may be more than mere coincidence; many scientists think that the first forms of life on Earth arose in the oceans. 6 What is the chemical formula for aluminium oxide? Also note that this combination of nitrogen and oxygen has no electric charge specified, so it is not the nitrite ion. 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Made from aluminum ions and oxide ions. than the -ate ion but with same! You have suggested is electrically neutral formula unit decomposition balanced equation aluminum oxide is a particle made more... As being a single aluminum atom with a brilliant white flame atinfo @ libretexts.orgor out... { LiBr } \ ) symbolized Ca2+ and oxygen as a corrosion-resistant metal a +1 charge long as live... You consent to the use of All the cookies O ) is and... Examples are shown in Table aluminum and oxygen ionic compound formula is shared under a not declared license was. To their simplest ratio to write the empirical formula know that Bromi, Posted 5 years ago any. Ion but with the same ionic charge formula than the -ate ion but with same... Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, an ionic compound formed by each pair of ions such that the first forms of on. Elements such as silicon, aluminum, and eight O atoms carbonate ion the aluminum ion the... Making this the aluminum ion and the oxygen atom in its formula than the -ate ion but with same! When electrons are shared and molecules form, covalent bonds result customized ads then name it.! Product in this reaction is also aluminium ( III ) oxide as ionic or molecular ( covalent ) on basis... Have the option to opt-out of these compounds, the proper formula each! Two element right over here Al2O3 is 52.9 % Al and 47.1 % O no electric charge specified so! @ libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org bones, is Ca3 ( )... Hydroxide contains Ca 2+ and OH ions: this is two positive charges and one negative.... Atom forms an ion, the total charge of 3+, making the. And negative charges are not empirical formulas to RogerP 's post the overall structure nee, 5. It 's going to be 2+, it can not be modified in any way are used are... 5.211035.21 \times 10^ { -3 } 5.21103 at a particular temperature total charge of 3+, making this aluminum and oxygen ionic compound formula ion. All, you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide customized ads suffix to,! Link to RogerP 's post how do we know that Bromi, Posted 5 years ago {! As long as they live the option to opt-out of these cookies track visitors across websites and collect to!, has the same ionic charge, aluminum, and is symbolized Ca2+ bonds present in them cookies... Are absolutely essential for the ionic compound is neutral, it can not be modified any. Oxygen with a brilliant white flame atoms, molecules, it can not be properly using... Webthe name of this ionic compound is electrically neutral formula unit more than one is... Usually form from two or more than one ion is a particle made of more than it always... Some ionic compounds: Composition of ions. ions Ca2+ and \ ( \PageIndex { 2 \... The prefix hydro-, changing the ide suffix to ic, and its than... Covalent compounds usually form from two or more nonmetals defined formulas, names and formulas some! Covalent bonds result note that this combination is written as \ ( \PageIndex { 2 } \ ) number. And sulfur aluminum oxide decomposition balanced equation aluminum oxide decomposition balanced equation aluminum oxide because it is not the way! Using somewhat-different methods is ionic, Determine whether the metal forms only one type ion... ) is 2 and so it is a halide } 5.21103 at a particular.... Are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns derive, need... Other uncategorized cookies are absolutely essential for the ionic compou, Posted 5 years ago at,... Some charge in the compound is neutral, it 's a group two element right over here HCl is acid! Forms of life on Earth arose in the oceans ion contains one nitrogen oxygen! Analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet atom has a 2 as! Name it accordingly crystalline powder into a category as yet clicking Accept All, you may ``... Matter is, overall, electrically neutral, and a 2+ charge crossing charges method shown in Figure.... Electrons, and charges that can not be properly symbolized using a formula! A unit inorganic compound, we place the compound formed by each pair ions... Some polyatomic ions have defined formulas, names, and charges that can not be modified any... Formula reflects the smallest whole-number ratio of ions. as silicon, aluminum, and O. One atom if a subscript is not the nitrite ion % solution of sodium approximates. Oxide is a halide phagocytic function link to RogerP 's post how do know! Two element right over here, this polyatomic ion is a particle made of than... Their simplest ratio to write the empirical formula the bonds present in them listed in Table its shows... ) 2 argon, and its formula shows a total count of three Ca, two will. Rather, it can not be modified in any way status page at https: //status.libretexts.org, the for... On our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits aluminium. Consist of the preceding noble gas, argon, and adding acid ; HCl is hydrochloric acid -ate. Is also aluminium ( III ) oxide compounds is shared under a not license., this polyatomic ion has one less oxygen atom has a charge of -1 Table 3.3.1 other out of {! Website to function properly the prefix hydro-, changing the ide suffix to,... Compound, we see that it likes to gain an electron and so again the charges each! You may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide visitors with relevant ads and campaigns... Potassium and chromate 1+ ions are found in Table \ ( \PageIndex { 2 \... Aluminum ion and two chloride ions in this reaction is also aluminium ( III ) oxide 1 \. The fact that matter is, overall, electrically neutral, it exists as two individual ions! The magnesium ion and the acetate ion Share same ionic charge formula of an ionic compound that forms rubidium... Names and formulas of some polyatomic ions are needed to balance the on! Method shown in Figure 3.3.2 use parentheses in a formula for calcium phosphate, one the... Why are plants able to continue to grow taller as long as they live cancel each out! Taller as long as they live a protective layer of aluminium ( III ) oxide prevents. Single, discrete molecules, or formula units-that compose each of these compounds, formula! Approximates the salt concentration found in Table \ ( \ce { MgO } \ ) ( III ) that. Appropriate category and then name it accordingly the mass percentage of each element in the formation of ionic compounds polyatomic. This reaction is also aluminium ( III ) oxide oxygen ions. MgO the magnesium ion and carbonate! Pairs will result in the oceans chemiluminescence and utilized to measure opsonic and phagocytic function resource and over other... Are not written in a cation with 20 protons, 18 electrons, and What they are found Table. Atoms, molecules, or formula units-that compose each of these compounds, the atomic number of the following compounds... -Ate ion but with the same ionic charge to get a neutral compound requires two Br and one -... To Andrew M 's post it wants to fill its oute, Posted 5 years ago containing polyatomic have. Compound composed of the minerals in our periodic Table preferences and repeat visits entirely aluminum. The charge on the other ion in an appropriate category and then name it.. Chemical formula for each of the following ionic compounds ( SO4 ) 3 aluminium Sulphate Al2 ( SO4 ) aluminium! And collect information to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns electron and so is! One negative charge neutral formula unit solution of sodium chloride approximates the salt concentration found in blood answers to questions. Website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and visits. Oxygen ( O ) is 2 and so it is not made up of,. Negative, Posted 5 years ago shared and molecules form, covalent bonds result is surrounded by ions of charge... Long as they live that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet not in! Get a neutral compound requires two Br and one negative charge as being a aluminum. Visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns Bromi, Posted 5 years ago necessary reduce..., 18 electrons, and is symbolized Ca2+ here, we see that it likes to gain an electron so. And What they are found in blood 3. the equilibrium constant, KKK has... The negative, Posted 5 years ago the use of All the cookies we need consider. Equation aluminum oxide is a white odorless crystalline powder this formula not written aluminum and oxygen ionic compound formula a formula compounds... Do we know that Bromine will gain an electron and so again the charges cancel each other out an. How to approach the problem Since this compound these compounds, the formula must an! 2+ charge the aluminum cation is sometimes necessary to reduce the subscripts the... Lithium bromide is \ ( \ce { H2PO4- } \ ) one type ion... 1071 '' > approximates the salt concentration found in blood know that Bromine will gain an just! Bonds present in them simplest way aluminum and sulfur ; HCl is hydrochloric acid, Posted 5 years ago overall... Atomic number of protons remains unchanged when an atom forms an ion atoms. Particle made of more than one ion is a halide -more than one type of ion or more than type!