A: And is today the first recital of your mass? [2]:157 Official policy towards jazz was much less strict in occupied France, according to author Andy Fry, with jazz music frequently played on both Radio France, the official station of Vichy France, and Radio Paris, which was controlled by the Germans. His music earned him a lot of popularity and even gained the young man worldwide attention. The hour-long film was directed and written by Jamie Kastner, who traveled throughout the world to show the influence of Django's music in various countries. Due to the massive popularity which he earned over the course of his career, every year Django festivals are held across the US and Europe. [2]:154[25] Nonetheless, Goebbels stopped short of a complete ban on jazz, which now had many fans in Germany and elsewhere. Over the years, Django Reinhardts recordings have been released on several cassettes, EPs, and albums. Instead, he reinvented the jazz guitar and became a legend. [48][42], In February 2017, the Berlin International Film Festival held the world premiere of Django, a French film directed by Etienne Comar. New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article [2]:5[11]:14 His father reportedly played music in a family band comprising himself and seven brothers; a surviving photograph shows this band including his father on piano. Enjoy. One of his most famous pieces is the melancholic "Nuages," meaning "Clouds," which became the ersatz anthem for the French, invoking the sweeter feelings of the days before the war. In the autumn of 1946, he made his first tour in the United States, debuting at Cleveland Music Hall[29] as a special guest soloist with Duke Ellington and His Orchestra. Le jeune Jean Reinhardt, dit Django , dcouvre la musique par la pratique du violon puis du banjo ; il est sollicit dans l'orchestre paternel. Another difficulty was that Django, used to playing the Selmer Maccaferri, the guitar that he made famous, was required to play a new amplified model for the American tour. Tears by Django Reinhardt | Practicing guitar improvisation for the minor part. However, Reinhardt later had second thoughts about what role he could play alongside Goodman, who was the "King of Swing", and remained in France. Burned while saving his pregnant wife, Django Reinhardt spent more than a year in and out of hospitals. Born as Jean in Belgium, Reinhardt was of Manouche Romani descent. Romani-Belgian jazz musician (19101953), Professor of music and guitarist, Mark White, of, Here is Lauren Oliver's transcript of the interview from the radio broadcast: Reinhardt, confident in the knowledge that the Nazis loved jazz music, despite Hitler's ban of the genre, would surely spare his talent. The album contains the song "Django and Jimmie" which is a tribute to musicians Django Reinhardt and Jimmie Rodgers.[56]. Django would later incorporate his unique musical upbringing into the already thriving jazz scene, introducing to the world an interpretation of the genre which still holds present sway. Only one session (eight tracks) from March 1953 was ever recorded specifically for album release by Norman Granz in the then-new LP format, but Reinhardt died before the album could be released. Django's father was a talented musician and it was from him that he learned his first instrument, the violin, as a young child around camp fires. The young guitarist was at home with his common-law wife, Bella, in their gypsy caravan on the edge of Paris. Unlike the estimated 600,000 Romani people who were interned and killed in the Porajmos, the Romani Holocaust, Reinhardt survived the war. Following his accident in 1928 in which his left hand was severely burned and he lost most of the use of all except his first two fingers, he developed a completely new left hand technique and started performing on guitar accompanying popular singers of the day, before discovering jazz and presenting his new hybrid style of gypsy approach plus jazz to the outside world via the Quintette du Hot Club de France. He played with many musicians and composers, such as Maury Deutsch. [11]:138 He had been promised jobs in California, but they failed to develop. Romani-French jazz guitarist and composer. [13]:11 Accompanying him on his travels was his new girlfriend, Sophie Ziegler. Reinhardt's talents and reputation as a musician in the city rose steadily, until, at the age of 18, Django knocked over a candle on his way to bed after returning home late one night after a performance. Gypsies, frequently on the road and often with much time available to fill with the pursuit of art, were perfect conduits for the world music spirit. It became the most accomplished and innovative European jazz group of the period. Performers included Grappelli, Benny Carter, and Mike Peters with his group of seven musicians. [2]:28 Reinhardt was able to make a living playing music by the time he was 15, busking in cafs, often with his brother Joseph. His music remains as vital and exciting today as it was when he lived, a legacy of joy to all future generations that rediscover the genius of the Belgian gypsy Django Reinhardt. His part . By legend, the trip was a disaster: he arrived without his Selmer, never found a guitar he liked, was booed by audiences, and. [6], Using a Selmer guitar in the mid-1930s, his style took on new volume and expressiveness. He reportedly had either ten [9] or sixteen children. Intgrale Django Reinhardt, volumes 120 (40 CDs), released by the French company Frmeaux from 2002 to 2005, tried to include every known track on which he played.[77]. Despite all the troubles, he continued creating music whenever he could. This was in part due to the help of a Luftwaffe official named Dietrich Schulz-Khn, also known as "Doktor Jazz," who deeply admired Reinhardt's music. It was a Saturday, and it took a full day for a doctor to arrive. In it, Captain Murphy comments on a drink dispensed from the Bebop Cola machine: "Ahh, Mango Reinhardt! Following once more in Manouche tradition, Reinhardt married Florine Mayer, usually known as 'Bella', a girl from the same gypsy settlement. A: Certainly you know, Mr Reinhardt, that in the world and particularly in France, it is said that you are the king of the gypsies. Reinhardt was touring in England when the World War II broke out. Sultan of Swing: the Complete Gramophone Hmv Swing Recordings 1936 - 1953 In 1928, Grappelli had been a member of the orchestra at the Ambassador Hotel while bandleader Paul Whiteman and Joe Venuti were performing there. Babik Reinhardt [74][75][76], Since his death, Reinhardt's music has been released on many compilations. Django Reinhardt (23 January 1910 - 16 May 1953) was a pioneering virtuoso Belgian jazz guitarist and composer. He was the first jazz talent to emerge from Europe and remains the most significant. Writing in 1945, Billy Neil and E. Gates stated that, Reinhardt set new standards by an almost incredible and hitherto unthought-of technique His ideas have a freshness and spontaneity that are at once fascinating and alluring [Nevertheless] The characteristics of Reinhardt's music are primarily emotional. The Allman Brothers Band song Jessica was written by Dickey Betts in tribute to Reinhardt (he wanted to write a song that could be played using only two fingers). The son eventually took the surname of his mother's new husband. Jazz and swing music was not yet on the young Django's radar yet, however, but his musical repertoire as a young man included being adept at playing the guitar, violin and banjo. It was late on the night of November 2, 1928. The Romani people were a large group of gipsies who suffered a lifetime of persecution. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival and was met with mixed reviews. He quickly learned to play, mimicking the fingerings of musicians he watched, who would have included local virtuoso players of the day such as Jean "Poulette" Castro and Auguste "Gusti" Malha, as well as from his uncle Guiligou, who played violin, banjo and guitar. The recording was issued for the first time in the late 1950s. Django-style enthusiast John Jorgenson has been quoted as saying: Django's guitar playing always has so much personality in it, and seems to contain such joy and feeling that it is infectious. Announcer: Could you tell me Mr Reinhardt, what has compelled you to write this mass? Five of his children were sons; Dregni states that one of them, Paul "Navire" Baumgartner, was the father of Dallas Baumgartner, a contemporary gypsy jazz guitarist. [22], In 1938, Reinhardt's quintet played to thousands at an all-star show held in London's Kilburn State auditorium. Since the mid-sixties, there has been a revival of interest in Reinhardt's music, a revival that has extended into the 21st century, with annual festivals and periodic tribute concerts. Wherever he stayed, in fact, became an encampment for his extended family. Because of his damaged left hand (his ring and pinky fingers helped little in his playing) Reinhardt had to modify both his chordal and melodic approach extensively. Jean "Django" Reinhardt (23 January 1910 - 16 May 1953) was a Belgian guitarist and composer credited with popularizing Gypsy jazz, as well as conceptualizing the style together with several other Gypsy musicians.Reinhardt's nickname purportedly means "I Awake" in the Romani language, however it may also simply have been a diminutive, or local Walloon version, of "Jean". Not one to talk much, he was compared to Harpo Marx when on stage, more inclined to speak through his guitar than out his mouth. Hitler and Joseph Goebbels viewed jazz as un-German counterculture. These performances drew large audiences. [8] The birth certificate refers to "Jean Reinhart, son of Jean Baptiste Reinhart, artist, and Laurence Reinhart, housewife, domiciled in Paris".[9]. His work has influenced many such artistes like BB King and Carlos Santana. In both years the great majority of their recordings featured a wide variety of horns, often in multiples, piano, and other instruments,[20] but the all-string instrumentation is the one most often adopted by emulators of the Hot Club sound. Both in his personal nature and in the nature of his music, Django displayed the character of a dreamer. The actor had three different marriages throughout his life. To accomplish this, Django would use his index and middle fingers to manage the fretboard, while his other two fingers, frozen in the form of a claw, could only occassionaly be used for some chords. Django: Directed by Etienne Comar. In 1943, Django married Sophie Ziegler in Salbris, with whom he had a son, Babik Reinhardt, who went on to become a respected guitarist in his own right. After the war, Reinhardt rejoined Grappelli in the UK and went on to tour the United States in 1946 with Duke Ellington's orchestra as a special guest soloist. Due to this nature, Django may have been a bit detached from the world of practicality, more often adrift in the realm of spirit from where his ardent affection for music stemmed from. Django gives us a wonderful lead; the first 15 seconds are a 101-level crash course on how to play gypsy jazz. (Photo by LAPI/Roger Viollet/Getty Images), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lousson_Reinhardt&oldid=1105893685, Dregni, Michael. He would also periodically vanish for greater lengths, disappearing for a week or two to play at his beloved gypsy campfires. In his final recordings, made with his Nouvelle Quintette in the last few months of his life, he had begun moving in a new musical direction, in which he assimilated the vocabulary of bebop and fused it with his own melodic style.[33]. In his apartment, he would sometimes leave water running to mimic the sound of a stream, and he hated electric lights preferring instead lanterns. Reinhardt developed his initial musical approach via tutoring by relatives and exposure to other gypsy guitar players of the day, then playing the banjo-guitar alongside accordionists in the world of the Paris bal-musettes. Jean Reinhardt, zis Django (n. 23 ianuarie 1910, Liberchies, Belgia; d. 16 mai 1953 Fontainebleau) a fost un chitarist francez de jazz, compozitor i ef de formaie de origine rom. Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt ( 23. januar 1910 - 16. maj 1953) var en fransk / belgisk jazzguitarist, der var en af de frste fremtrdende europiske jazzmusikere, som blev bermt pga. Check out Django Reinhardt's incomparable technique in this 1938 video from Paris Hot Club. Jean Reinhardt, popularly known as Django Reinhardt, was a Belgian-born Romani French jazz guitarist and composer. Jeff Beck described Reinhardt as "by far the most astonishing guitar player ever" and "quite superhuman".[61]. Select from premium (Attr.) [57], On 23 January 2010, Google Doodle celebrated Django Reinhards 100th Birthday.[58][59]. Jean Reinhardt, known by his Romani nickname Django, was a Romani-Belgian jazz guitarist and composer. [32], Back in Paris, in June 1950, Reinhardt was invited to join an entourage to welcome the return of Benny Goodman. Whilst his solos became less chordal and his lines more Christian-like, he retained his originality. I love the human sound he gave his acoustic guitar. Reinhardt died suddenly of a stroke on 16 May 1953. Beginning in 1933, all German Romani were barred from living in cities, herded into settlement camps, and routinely sterilized. . Introduction: "The Lost: The Secret History of Lousson Baumgartner and the "Other" Family." After the war, Reinhardt rejoined Grappelli in the UK. Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt (January 23, 1910 May 16, 1953), the legendary gypsy jazz guitarist, is one of the most innovational European musicians of the twentieth century, having contributed to the transformation of early straight jazz into "hot jazz" with his masterful improvisational skills and long, dancing arpeggios. Even today, he is still regarded as one of the most prominent jazz performers to have ever lived. With the addition of amplification, his playing became more linear and "horn like", with the greater facility of the amplified instrument for longer sustain and to be heard in quiet passages, and in general less reliance on his gypsy "bag of tricks" as developed for his acoustic guitar style (also, in some of his late recordings, with a very different supporting group context from his "classic", pre-war Quintette sound). The live cuts from Club St. Germain in February 1951 are a revelation. [46][47], Woody Allen's film Sweet and Lowdown (1999), the story of a Django Reinhardt-like character, mentions Reinhardt and includes actual recordings in the film. In 1943, Django married Sophie Ziegler in Salbris, with whom he had a son, Babik Reinhardt, who went on to become a respected guitarist in his own right. DR: It is an extract of my mass. Django Reinhardt is jazz guitar's most dazzling soloist, improviser, and most important, innovator. [11]:93 A few weeks later the quintet played at the London Palladium. They had a son, Babik Reinhardt, who became a respected guitarist.[23]. [24] During the war, Romani were systematically killed in concentration camps. Such a feat would only be possible if Django could form a completely new method of playing developed around the permanently paralyzed third and fourth fingers of his left hand. He made his first recordings under the name of Jiango Reinhardt when he was in his late teens. So Django Reinhardt was born in Belgium in 1910 but moved to France. He played mainly with a plectrum for maximum volume and attack (particularly in the 1920s-early 30s when amplification in venues was minimal or non-existent), although he could also play fingerstyle on occasion, as evidenced by some recorded introductions and solos. On May 16th 1953 Django suffered a massive brain hemorrhage and died, leaving behind his wife Sophie and son Babik. This page was last edited on 18 August 2020, at 17:10. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Re: [portland] django coders? It was this new method centered around his deformed hand that in part contributed to Django's unique style full of the wildly choreographed arpeggios that he is famous for now. 1951 Django Reinhardt and the Hot Club Quintet, 1954 The Great Artistry of Django Reinhardt, 1980 Routes to Django Reinhardt - Bireli Lagrene, 2002 Djangology (remastered) (recorded in 1948, discovered, remastered and released by Bluebird Records), 2003 Jazz in Paris: Nuits de Saint-Germain des-Prs. Reinhardt recorded over 900 sides in his recording career, from 1928 to 1953, the majority as sides of the then-prevalent 78-RPM records, with the remainder as acetates, transcription discs, private and off-air recordings (of radio broadcasts), and part of a film soundtrack. Some claim it means I awake in Romani, while others state it was just a different version of Jean. Those who knew Django during his lifetime admit that he was an eccentric musician at best and a temperamental nightmare to work with at his worst . He became adept at stealing chickens. Show all results: By his early teens, he had started playing in clubs across Paris. Reinhardt re-formed the quintet, with Hubert Rostaing on clarinet replacing Grappelli. On the night of 2 November 1928, Reinhardt was going to bed in the wagon that he and his wife shared in the caravan. On this recording, Reinhardt switched back to his old roots, as had been his style prior to the American tour, once again playing the Acoustic Selmer-Maccafferi. Reinhardt was married by the time he was 17, and while living in a wagon with his wife, their home on wheels caught fire and Reinhardt's hands were badly burned . Despite his exceptional natural talent, during his early career, Reinhardt, unexplicably, could neither read nor write music and was barely literate at all. Guitarists, particularly in Britain and the United States, could scarcely believe what they heard on the records that the Quintette was making; guitarist, gypsy jazz enthusiast and educator Ian Cruickshank writes: It wasn't until 1938, and the Quintet's first tour of England, that guitarists [in the U.K.] were able to witness Django's amazing abilities. [55] The Allman Brothers Band song "Jessica" was written by Dickey Betts in tribute to Reinhardt. Django is on top form; full of new ideas that are executed with amazing fluidity, cutting angular lines that always retain that ferocious swing.[38]. He is seen at the start and end of the 1959 French film Les Pittuiti's performing "Les Deux Guitares" with Eugne Ves,[5] and also appears briefly in a 1978 Sten Bramsen documentary Django made for Danish television. Django was around his family all the time; when he was not hiding out with them, they would go to where he was. One song in particular, Louis Armstrong's "Indian Cradle Song," stirred Django to the point that he turned to his friend and muttered in awe, "Achmon, my brother, my brother" This was Django's first encounter with jazz music, and his impression of it was that it represented incredible freedom. His given name of Django translates to Jean in the. It took a full day for a doctor to arrive and Django was declared dead on arrival at the hospital in Fontainebleau. These "electric period" Reinhardt recordings have in general received less popular re-release and critical analysis than his pre-war releases (the latter also extending to the period from 1940 to 1945 when Grappelli was absent, which included some of his most famous compositions such as "Nuages"), but are also a fascinating area of Reinhardt's work to study,[38] and have begun to be revived by players such as the Rosenberg Trio (with their 2010 release "Djangologists") and Birli Lagrne. 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